Взаимодействие диалектов и нормы в канадском английском (Inter-relation of Canadian Dialects and Standard English)

Keywords: Canadian English, variation, dialect, social dialect, regional dialect, standard English, inter-relation, Standard Canadian English, General Canadian English.

This final qualification work aims to describe the current linguistic situation among English speaking population in Canada. In other words, the interaction of Standard Canadian English and nonstandard English dialects in Canada will be described here.
In general, the English language varies from place to place, from one social group to another, or even from a situation to situation. In this work, we will try to give a present-day situation in Canadian English in terms of its variation.
Moreover, when we talk about inter-relation of dialects and standard language in modern linguistics, we talk about it not only from the dialectological aspect but also from a sociolinguistic point of view. This means that not only will we try to explain what types of variation exist in Canada, but also why and where a certain variation of Canadian English occurs.
In the first part of the work, we will use historical facts in order to describe how first migrations to Canada influenced the current linguistic situation there. It will be defined what are the territories and social groups where standard and non-standard Canadian English is spoken today. In the second part of our dissertation, we will try to give certain features of both, standard and non-standard English language in Canada in terms of phonology and grammar, and to explain differences among them.
The relevance of the topic: The present-day stage of any language, especially English language, is characterized by a high degree of variability, both at the regional and the global level. Any modern language is a dynamic picture of linguistic variability, which gives a possibility of continuous research and discussion, as the language is a living and constantly changing phenomenon. The topic of inter-relation of dialects and standard in the English language is often an area of study since it is this interaction that is to some extent involved in describing the national mentality, especially in the bilingual society as exists in Canada.
Scientific novelty of the dissertation: The novelty of our work is the description of the status of relations between different variations of English language in Canada. We will try to show the situation in standard and non-standard Canadian English at the moment when it is influenced by cultural, political and social factors.
Aims and objectives: The aim of the dissertation is to define and describe the nature of the relationship between the Standard Canadian English language and social and regional dialects in Canada.
The goal is to solve the following tasks:
1. To identify the features of the Standard Canadian English language, which is studied in schools and which is supported by the state and institutions of culture;
2. To describe the regional and social variability in Canadian English;
3. To determine the linguistic character of dialectal variation in terms of grammar and phonology;
4. To show how the standard Canadian English language was formed through history, and what linguistic situation was created as a result in the twenty-first century.
Methods used for the research: The following research methods are used in the work: the analytical method of linguistic works of Canadain authors, the method of transcription of phonetic records, and the method of comparison.
Material used for the research: Our research is based on linguistic descriptions that already exist, as well as on texts written in dialects, and phonetic records of both, representatives of the Standard Canadian English, as well as representatives of social and regional dialects in Canada. In the theoretical part of this research, we used dialectological works (Boberg C., Chambers J. K., Clarke S., Pringle I., Padolsky E., Lougheed W. C.), as well as sociolinguistic works (Trudgill P., Falk L., Harry M., Scargill M. H.). In the practical part of the dissertation, we consulted phonological works of the following authors: Ayearst M., Bailey R. W., Emeneau M. B., Joos M., Kinloch A. M., Léon P. R., Rouillard C. D., Baligand, R. A., Martin P., Warkentyne H. J., Woods H. B., Yerastov Y., as well as sociolinguistic works of Trudgill P., Falk L., Harry M., and Scargill M. H..
The structure of this paper includes a table of contents, an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, and a bibliographic list.
Scientific use of our work: The results of the research may be used in the courses and lectures on Social and territorial variability of the English language, as well as on History of English dialects.
Practical significance of the research: our dissertation can help in analyzing texts in the lectures of Language and culture and Regional studies. Moreover, in the same courses, the theoretical part of our research can also be useful in explaining the history of Canadian English language.